The purpose of applying sutures on the wound is to bring the wound edges closer together and to fuse them, which allows the skin to heal at the site where its continuity has been interrupted. Surgical sutures do more than just provide an appropriate aesthetic effect. Suturing of the wound accelerates the healing process and also minimises the risk of complications, such as infection.
The aesthetic effect of wound suturing is influenced by several factors, including a technique of suture application, a type of sutures chosen, location and depth of the wound. The most common sutures in plastic surgery are single sutures, which involve applying sutures as close to the wound edges as possible – maximum of 1 to 2 mm. The distance between individual sutures must be even and not exceed 2-3 mm. When placing the sutures, edges of the wound must be flanged slightly outwards. Another type of suture, most often used in public hospitals and in the ED, is a continuous circular suture: it involves sewing the wound with one piece of thread, led diagonally or perpendicularly to the wound edges. This type of suture allows rapid closure of the wound, but it is difficult to ensure its aesthetic appearance after healing. This difficulty is due to the problematic adaptation of the wound edges. Such wound suturing techniques do not guarantee an impeccable aesthetic result. An intradermal suture works best for this purpose.
What distinguishes intradermal suture is greater ease of wound margin adaptation as well as the lack of puncture sites. Intradermal suture is used when perfect aesthetics of the scar must be necessarily achieved. Special thin hooks are used to adapt the edges and the thread is placed under the skin surface. Thanks to the fact that sutures are not visible on the skin surface, they can be left in place for a longer period of time, thus reducing tissue tension. Such wound suturing allows for a faster healing effect and formation of an aesthetic scar.